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Kastor and Polluks polypeptides
- Molecular classification
- Other (regulatory polypeptides, not classic receptor/ion channel/enzyme), Transmembrane protein (for SPTY2D1OS, but not directly for Kastor/Polluks)
01
Overview
Kastor and Polluks are polypeptides encoded by a single gene locus that cooperatively regulate the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and are essential for spermatogenesis, specifically for the formation of the mitochondrial sheath in developing sperm[5]. This sheath is critical for sperm motility and fertility. Misattribution of this function to SPTY2D1 (a histone chaperone involved in chromatin structure and gene regulation) is incorrect; SPTY2D1 and its antisense forms are not involved in mitochondrial sheath formation. There is no current evidence supporting the role of these proteins as therapeutic drug targets, nor are they used as disease biomarkers or associated with common human pathologies.
- Other names
- KastorPolluksPutative transmembrane protein SPTY2D1OSSPTY2D1 opposite strand
02
Biological functions
SpermatogenesisMitochondrial sheath formationRegulation of VDAC (Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel) in sperm
03
Disease associations
Other (no established roles in cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammation, infection, or cardiovascular disease as of current knowledge)
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