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Kennedy pathway for phospholipid synthesis
- Molecular classification
- Other, Biosynthetic pathway
01
Overview
The Kennedy pathway refers to the biosynthetic routes responsible for the formation of the two most abundant mammalian membrane phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine[1][2][3][4][7]. It comprises two parallel branches: the CDP-choline pathway (synthesizing phosphatidylcholine) and the CDP-ethanolamine pathway (synthesizing phosphatidylethanolamine). Both begin with phosphorylation of choline or ethanolamine, followed by conversion to CDP-activated intermediates and final transfer to diacylglycerol, catalyzed by enzymes including choline kinase, ethanolamine kinase, cytidylyltransferases (CCT, ECT), and phosphotransferases (CEPT, EPT)[1][3][4][7]. The pathway is essential for cell membrane synthesis, maintenance, and repair, and defects in key enzymes are linked to rare but severe inherited diseases[1][6].
- Other names
- CDP-choline pathwayCDP-ethanolamine pathway
02
Biological functions
Phospholipid biosynthesisMembrane formationCell viability and membrane maintenance
03
Disease associations
Genetic diseaseNeurodegenerative diseaseCardiometabolic conditions
04
Safety considerations
perturbing the pathway can have severe cellular and organismal consequences such as membrane instability, metabolic disease, or lethality if disrupted globally
05
Biomarkers
mutations or activity levels of pathway enzymes (e.g., PCYT1A, CHKB, PCYT2, EPT1)
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