Keratinocyte

Keratinocytes are the predominant cell type in the epidermis, constituting about 90% of all cells in this outermost layer of human skin. They originate from the basal layer (stratum basale) and migrate upwards through the epidermal layers, undergoing differentiation until they reach the stratum corneum, where they become flattened, keratin-rich squamous cells that are eventually shed. The primary function of keratinocytes is to form a protective barrier against environmental insults such as heat, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, dehydration, and invasion by pathogens. Keratinocytes contribute to immune defense by producing antimicrobial peptides, cytokines, and chemokines, and play a central role in wound healing.

Other names

Epidermal Cell