Kinase signaling and survival pathways

Kinase signaling and survival pathways are complex, interconnected networks of enzymes that relay extracellular signals to the nucleus to regulate fundamental cellular processes. These pathways, most notably the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK cascades, play a critical role in promoting cell growth, metabolism, and resistance to programmed cell death (StatPearls, 2023). In many forms of cancer, these pathways are pathologically activated by mutations, amplifications, or overexpressed receptors, leading to uncontrolled proliferation and survival (Nature Reviews Cancer, 2021). Pharmacological targeting of these pathways involves a wide array of small-molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies designed to disrupt specific nodes in the signaling chain. While these therapies have revolutionized treatment for various malignancies, their efficacy is often limited by the emergence of resistance through bypass signaling or secondary mutations (PubMed, 2022). Furthermore, because these pathways are essential for normal physiological functions, their inhibition can result in significant side effects, requiring careful patient monitoring and dose management.

Other names

Cell survival signalingKinase-mediated survival pathwaysIntracellular survival cascades

Inhibition of specific protein kinases (tyrosine or serine/threonine) to block downstream signaling that promotes cell growth and prevents apoptosis.