Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog G12C mutant (KRAS G12C)

KRAS is a small GTPase that acts as a molecular switch in cell signaling pathways regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. The G12C mutation locks KRAS in its active, GTP-bound state, leading to constitutive activation of downstream signaling pathways, particularly the RAF-MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways, driving uncontrolled cellular proliferation and survival. KRAS G12C is a prevalent oncogenic driver in NSCLC, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. Direct inhibitors target the unique cysteine residue introduced by the G12C mutation.

Other names

KRASKRAS G12Cv-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologKRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase

Covalent binding to the cysteine residue introduced by the G12C mutation, locking KRAS in its inactive GDP-bound state.