KRAS Proto-oncogene GTPase

KRAS is a small GTPase that acts as a molecular switch in the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway. It relays signals from outside the cell to the nucleus, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Mutations in KRAS, particularly in codons 12, 13, and 61, can lead to constitutive activation of the protein, driving uncontrolled cell growth and contributing to cancer development. It is a frequently mutated gene in various cancers, including lung, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. Specific KRAS mutations, such as G12C, have become targets for selective inhibitors, but resistance and off-target effects remain significant therapeutic challenges.

Other names

c-Kirsten ras proteinc-Ki-ras2 proto-oncogeneK-ras p21 proteinKI-RASKirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologKRAS1PR310 c-K-ras oncogeneRASK2RASK_HUMANTransforming protein p21v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog

Inhibition of KRAS signaling