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Labile iron (LCI (labile cell iron) or LPI (labile plasma iron))
- Target
- LCI (labile cell iron) or LPI (labile plasma iron)
01
Overview
Labile iron denotes the combined redox properties of iron and its amenability to exchange between ligands, including chelators, comprising both Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ complexes in a chelatable state. In cells, labile iron is found in the cytoplasm and organelles at physiological concentrations typically less than 1 micromolar in mammalian cells. Although physiologically present in lower micromolar ranges, labile iron plays a key role in cell iron economy as a crossroads of metabolic pathways.
- Other names
- Labile cell iron (LCI)Labile plasma iron (LPI)Labile iron pool (LIP)Non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI) - related pool
02
Mechanism of action
Iron chelators directly target labile iron by promoting its exchange to chelator ligands
03
Biological functions
Iron homeostasis regulation through balancing iron uptake versus ferritin storageMetabolic source for iron-dependent enzymes and proteinsCell iron level sensing and indicator functionMitochondrial iron delivery for Fe-S cluster and heme synthesis
04
Disease associations
Iron overload/hemochromatosis: LCI rises aberrantly in iron overload conditions, where labile iron can catalyze reactive oxygen species (ROS) formationCardiovascular disease: Excess labile iron contributes to oxidative stressNeurodegenerative disease: Related to iron-induced ROS damage
05
Safety considerations
Labile iron at pathological levels catalyzes reactive oxygen species formation that can damage cellular constituentsCan infiltrate cells by unregulated routes and raise cellular labile iron to toxic levels in systemic iron overloadPotential contributor to ferroptosis and cell death pathways
06
Interacting drugs
Iron chelators
07
Biomarkers
LPI (labile plasma iron) measurement for identifying systemic iron overloadLabile iron assay for detecting iron components in intravenous iron formulations
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