Large tumor suppressor kinase 2 is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that functions as a core component of the Hippo signaling pathway, acting to suppress tumor formation by maintaining mitotic fidelity, centrosome duplication, and genomic stability through phosphorylation of key effectors (YAP and TAZ). LATS2 is central to cell fate determination, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and checkpoint regulation via interactions with p53 and spindle-related proteins. It plays tissue-specific roles in liver and heart, influences lipid metabolism, and its dysfunction is strongly linked to various cancers and developmental defects.
For drugs targeting this molecule (theoretically or experimentally): Kinase inhibition or activation (Ser/Thr kinase-specific); Modulation of Hippo pathway effectors (e.g., by affecting YAP/TAZ phosphorylation and cellular localization); Pathway modulation leading to apoptosis or cell cycle arrest via p53 or related checkpoints.
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Biological functions
Signal transductionCell cycle control (especially mitosis, spindle formation, centrosome duplication)Apoptosis (via positive feedback with p53)Cell proliferationGenomic stability maintenanceCellular growth regulation, especially in cardiac myocytes and liver homeostasisCorepressor of androgen-responsive gene expression
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Disease associations
Cancer (lung cancer, mesothelioma reported in literature; general tumor suppressor role)Cardiovascular disease (regulation of cardiac growth and hypertrophy)Fatty liver disease and metabolic disorders (unique hepatic roles)
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Safety considerations
Potential for embryonic lethality or cardiac defects upon knockout (in mouse models)Risk of unwanted inhibition of normal cell cycle and genomic stability if targeted systemicallyPossible adverse effects due to alteration in organ size, tissue differentiation, or cholesterol metabolism
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Interacting drugs
No specific clinical drugs for LATS2 modulation are established; experimental compounds targeting YAP/TAZ or Hippo pathway exist but are largely in preclinical or research settings. Its pathway is indirectly affected by drugs that modulate cell cycle or kinase activity, but no FDA-approved LATS2-targeted drugs are listed in major databases.
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Biomarkers
Expression level or mutation status of LATS2 (e.g., inactivation/loss or abnormal expression) is explored as a biomarker in some cancer types (lung cancer, mesothelioma). Its functional activity may serve as a biomarker for Hippo pathway integrity or prognosis.
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