Latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein (LTBP (with specific isoforms such as LTBP1, LTBP2, LTBP3, and LTBP4))

Latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding proteins are a family of large extracellular matrix glycoproteins that play key roles in regulating the bioavailability and activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) cytokines. They achieve this by binding to latent forms of TGF-beta and sequestering them within the extracellular matrix until they are activated. There are several known human isoforms—LTBP1 through LTBP4—which differ in structure due to alternative splicing but share similar domain architecture. These proteins also have structural functions related to microfibril formation and cell adhesion. Dysregulation or mutation in these genes has been associated with connective tissue disorders resembling Marfan syndrome, cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, ocular conditions including Weill-Marchesani syndrome 3 and congenital glaucoma for certain isoforms like LTBP2, as well as cancer progression due to altered control over TGF-beta signaling pathways.[1][3][4]

Other names

LTBPLatent TGF-beta binding proteinFor specific isoforms: LTBP1, LTBP2 (C14orf141), GLC3D, WMS3