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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Latrodectus mactans venom toxin (None)
- Target
- None
- Molecular classification
- Neurotoxin, Pore-forming toxin, Protein
01
Overview
Latrodectus mactans venom toxin is a complex mixture of neurotoxic proteins, primarily latrotoxins, found in the venom of the black widow spider. The major toxic component is α-latrotoxin (α-LTX), a vertebrate-specific neurotoxin. Latrotoxins bind to receptors on presynaptic neurons, induce calcium-permeable pores, trigger massive neurotransmitter release, and cause the clinical syndrome known as latrodectism, characterized by severe pain and neuromuscular symptoms.
- Other names
- Black widow spider venomLatrotoxinα-latrotoxinLITsα-Latrocrustatoxinα-LTX
02
Mechanism of action
Binds to presynaptic receptors (e.g., neurexins, latrophilins), induces calcium influx via pore formation, and stimulates massive neurotransmitter release.
03
Biological functions
Neurotransmitter release inductionCalcium channel formationNeuronal membrane depolarization
04
Disease associations
LatrodectismPainMuscle spasmsAutonomic dysfunction
05
Safety considerations
Systemic toxicitySevere painMuscle spasmsAutonomic dysfunctionRarely fatal
06
Interacting drugs
Antivenom (Latrodectus)
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