Leucine-rich repeat neuronal protein 1 (LRRN1)

Leucine-rich repeat neuronal protein 1 (LRRN1) is a single-pass transmembrane glycoprotein characterized by extracellular LRR motifs, immunoglobulin-like and fibronectin type III domains, and a short intracellular tail. It is expressed predominantly in neural progenitor cells and is involved in regulation of synapse assembly, neural development, and stem cell pluripotency. LRRN1 plays roles in cell-cell adhesion, signal transduction, and maintenance of key transcription factor stability in stem cells. Aberrant LRRN1 expression is linked to progression and poor prognosis in several cancers, especially gastric cancer and neuroblastoma, acting through suppression of apoptosis and interaction with oncogenic growth pathways such as ALK signaling. The gene is also implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. LRRN1 is considered a biomarker for gastric cancer and is a candidate therapeutic target due to its disease-related functions and interactions.

Other names

KIAA1497Nbla10449UNQ693/PRO1338NLRR-1FIGLER3Neuronal leucine-rich repeat protein 1NLRR1fibronectin type III, immunoglobulin and leucine rich repeat domains 3

Negative regulation of ALK receptor tyrosine kinase signaling (extracellular domain interaction); Inhibition of apoptosis (through suppression of Fas/FasL pathway and JUN activation); Stabilization of key transcription factors in stem cells by preventing nuclear export (via AKT-mediated mechanisms).