Leukocyte chemotaxis and adhesion pathways

Leukocyte chemotaxis and adhesion pathways represent the multi-step process by which leukocytes migrate from the blood into peripheral tissues to mediate immune surveillance and inflammatory responses (Ley et al., 2007, Nature Reviews Immunology). This cascade typically involves initial tethering and rolling on the vascular endothelium via selectins, followed by chemokine-triggered activation of integrins, which leads to firm adhesion and subsequent transendothelial migration (Springer, 1994, Cell). While essential for host defense against pathogens, dysregulation of these pathways is a hallmark of many chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease (Muller, 2013, Nature Reviews Immunology). Pharmacological intervention typically targets specific molecular components within these pathways, such as integrin subunits (e.g., Natalizumab) or chemokine receptors (e.g., Maraviroc), to limit the pathological infiltration of immune cells into affected tissues (DrugBank). These therapies have revolutionized the treatment of autoimmune conditions but require careful monitoring for side effects related to impaired immune surveillance (FDA Label, 2020).

Other names

Leukocyte traffickingLeukocyte extravasationLeukocyte recruitmentTransendothelial migrationLeukocyte adhesion cascade

Inhibition of leukocyte recruitment and migration by blocking cell surface adhesion molecules (e.g., integrins, selectins) or chemokine-mediated signaling through G protein-coupled receptors (StatPearls, 2023).