Lipid bilayer of liposomes

The lipid bilayer of liposomes is a synthetic or semi-synthetic assembly of phospholipids that forms a closed spherical shell, mimicking the structure of biological cell membranes. It is not a therapeutic target in the conventional sense (e.g., a protein receptor or enzyme) but is a fundamental component of advanced drug delivery systems (Akbarzadeh et al., 2013, Nanoscale Research Letters). The bilayer functions by encapsulating therapeutic payloads, such as small molecules, proteins, or nucleic acids, thereby protecting them from premature degradation and altering their biodistribution to improve the therapeutic index (Bulbake et al., 2017, Pharmaceutics). By engineering the lipid composition, researchers can create stealth liposomes that evade the immune system or triggered-release liposomes that respond to specific stimuli like heat or pH changes (Allen & Cullis, 2013, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews). Clinically, the lipid bilayer is essential for the delivery of drugs like doxorubicin (Doxil) and amphotericin B (AmBisome), where it helps mitigate severe side effects like cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, respectively (Immordino et al., 2006, International Journal of Nanomedicine). Furthermore, the bilayer can be functionalized with ligands to target specific cell surface receptors, enhancing the precision of drug delivery. Despite its benefits, the use of liposomal bilayers can trigger unique safety concerns, such as complement-mediated pseudoallergy (CARPA) or the accelerated blood clearance phenomenon upon repeated dosing. Overall, the lipid bilayer of liposomes represents a versatile platform in nanomedicine that bridges the gap between drug discovery and effective clinical therapy.

Other names

Liposomal membranePhospholipid bilayer (liposomal)Liposomal shell

Encapsulation and controlled release of therapeutic agents to enhance pharmacokinetics and reduce systemic toxicity.