Lipid Peroxidation Process

Lipid peroxidation is a metabolic process involving the oxidative degradation of lipids, primarily polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This process leads to the deterioration of cell membrane lipids, resulting in cell damage and potentially cell death. It is a key mechanism underlying oxidative stress in biological systems and has significant implications for health and disease. The process occurs via a free radical chain reaction with three main phases: Initiation, Propagation, and Termination. Products include lipid hydroperoxides and reactive aldehydes like MDA and 4-HNE, which can cause further cellular damage.

Antioxidants donate electrons/hydrogen atoms to neutralize free radicals, preventing or slowing down the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation.