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Lipid Raft Microdomains
- Molecular classification
- Membrane microdomain, Lipid assembly
01
Overview
Lipid raft microdomains are specialized, dynamic regions of cellular membranes characterized by a distinct lipid and protein composition. They are enriched in cholesterol, sphingolipids (such as sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids), and certain proteins, forming tightly packed, liquid-ordered phases that float within the more fluid, disordered environment of the surrounding membrane bilayer. These microdomains typically range from 10 to 200 nanometers in diameter. They serve as organizing centers for assembling signaling molecules, influence membrane fluidity and regulate trafficking of membrane proteins. Lipid rafts also act as portals for pathogen entry and are preferential sites for formation of pathological aggregates in diseases like Alzheimer's and prion diseases.
- Other names
- Detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs)
02
Mechanism of action
Modulation of raft homeostasis
03
Biological functions
Signal transduction organizationReceptor traffickingMembrane traffickingPathogen entryRegulation of membrane fluidityAssembly of signaling molecules
04
Disease associations
HIV infection pathwayAlzheimer’s disease (β-amyloid plaques)Prion diseases (PrPSc aggregation)
05
Safety considerations
Disruption of lipid raft structure/functionality can have broad cellular effectsChallenges associated with direct visualization/characterization at nanoscale resolution
06
Interacting drugs
Statins
1 more in the full profile.
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