Lipoxygenase Pathway Enzymes (LOX)

Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase enzymes that catalyze the stereo-specific peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid and linoleic acid, to generate hydroperoxy derivatives. These products serve as precursors for various bioactive lipid mediators, including leukotrienes, lipoxins, and hepoxilins. LOX enzymes play key roles in inflammation, immunity, skin barrier formation, cell differentiation, and tumorigenesis. In humans and mice, six functional LOX genes have been identified: ALOX5, ALOX12, ALOX15, ALOX15B, ALOX12B, and ALOXE3. Dysregulation is linked to diseases such as asthma, inflammatory disorders, certain cancers, cardiovascular disease, and inherited skin conditions like ichthyosis. Pharmacological inhibitors targeting LOXs or their accessory proteins like FLAP are under development for treating these conditions.

Other names

LipoxygenasesALOX family

Inhibition of lipoxygenase enzyme activity, blocking the production of leukotrienes and other lipid mediators.