Liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1)

Liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is a major human enzyme that belongs to the carboxylesterase family and the alpha/beta fold hydrolase family. It is primarily expressed in the liver and monocytes/macrophages and localized to the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. CES1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds in xenobiotics, drugs, and endogenous substrates, playing a crucial role in drug metabolism, detoxification, and lipid processing. Genetic variants can affect drug response, and its inhibition can impair immune function. It is involved in both activating prodrugs and deactivating active drugs.

Other names

hCE-1CES1A1CEHREHTGHEgasynCocaine carboxylesterase

Hydrolyzes ester and amide bonds in various substrates, including drugs, xenobiotics, and endogenous compounds, leading to activation or deactivation of drugs, detoxification, and modulation of lipid metabolism.