Living cell graft

A living cell graft is a therapeutic modality consisting of viable cells, often integrated into a scaffold or matrix, administered to a patient to restore, replace, or enhance biological functions. Unlike conventional molecular targets such as receptors or enzymes, a living cell graft acts as a complex biological unit that can integrate into the host, respond to physiological signals, and provide long-term therapeutic effects (Source: NIH - National Center for Biotechnology Information). These grafts are utilized across diverse medical fields, including hematology for hematopoietic stem cell transplants and dermatology for bioengineered skin substitutes used in chronic wound care (Source: FDA - Cellular & Gene Therapy Products). The mechanism of action typically involves the direct replacement of damaged tissue or the secretion of paracrine factors that promote endogenous healing and modulate immune responses (Source: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery). Because these grafts are living tissues, they pose unique clinical challenges, including the requirement for immunological compatibility and the risk of serious adverse events such as graft-versus-host disease or unintended cellular transformation (Source: PubMed - Journal of Clinical Investigation). Consequently, while highly effective for tissue regeneration, they require rigorous monitoring for viability, engraftment, and long-term safety.

Other names

Cellular graftCell therapy productTissue-engineered graftCellular transplantLiving cell therapy

Direct replacement of damaged or dysfunctional host cells, integration into host tissue to restore structural integrity, or secretion of bioactive factors that stimulate endogenous repair and modulate immune activity.