Local and systemic immune response

The local and systemic immune response refers to the coordinated activities of the immune system occurring at the site of infection or tissue damage (local) and throughout the body (systemic). The **local immune response** typically involves rapid recruitment of immune cells (such as neutrophils and macrophages), inflammation, and release of cytokines at the affected tissue. The **systemic immune response** includes broader activation of immune mechanisms, such as fever, production of acute-phase proteins, and widespread mobilization of leukocytes. The immune response consists of the innate (nonspecific, immediate) and adaptive (specific, delayed) arms, working together to defend the body against pathogens, clear injured cells, and mount surveillance against cancer or autoimmunity[1][2][3][4]. This term does not denote a protein, receptor, enzyme, or molecular target, and thus is not considered a therapeutic target in the usual sense. Key clarification: "Local and systemic immune response" is a biological process and **not a single receptor, protein, or molecular therapeutic target**, so structured information for drug targeting, molecular classification, and biomarkers does not directly apply[1][2][3][4].

Other names

Immune responseHost defense responseInnate and adaptive immune responseInflammatory response