Lolium perenne pollen allergen extract

Lolium perenne pollen allergen extract is a complex biological mixture of proteins derived from the pollen of perennial ryegrass, which is a primary cause of seasonal allergies in temperate climates [1, 11]. It is primarily utilized in allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) to treat IgE-mediated allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and asthma [1, 6]. The extract contains several well-characterized allergens, most notably Lol p 1 and Lol p 5, which are recognized by the immune systems of sensitized individuals [10, 12]. When administered therapeutically via subcutaneous or sublingual routes, the extract works by modulating the patient's immune response, promoting a shift from a pro-allergic Th2-type response to a Th1-type response and inducing the production of regulatory T cells and allergen-neutralizing IgG4 antibodies [3, 9]. This process leads to long-term desensitization and a reduction in clinical symptoms upon subsequent natural exposure to ryegrass pollen [1, 12]. While effective, the use of these extracts carries a risk of systemic allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, necessitating careful dose titration and medical supervision [8, 13]. The extract's efficacy can be monitored through biomarkers such as specific IgE and IgG4 levels, while its safety profile requires consideration of potential interactions with medications like beta-blockers, which can complicate the management of allergic reactions [8, 9].

Other names

Perennial ryegrass pollen extractRyegrass pollen allergenLolium perenne extractLol p extract

Induction of allergen-specific IgG4 blocking antibodies, shift from Th2 to Th1 cytokine profile, and stimulation of regulatory T (Treg) and B (Breg) cells to promote immunological tolerance.