Lolium perenne pollen allergen Lol p 1 (Lol p 1)

Lolium perenne pollen allergen Lol p 1 is a major protein allergen derived from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), which is a primary cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma worldwide [1, 6]. Biologically, it belongs to the beta-expansin family and functions in the plant to loosen cell walls during pollen tube growth [1, 2]. In sensitized individuals, Lol p 1 triggers an IgE-mediated immune response by binding to and cross-linking IgE on the surface of mast cells and basophils [2, 8]. This interaction leads to the degranulation of these cells and the release of inflammatory mediators like histamine, causing typical allergy symptoms [6, 13]. Lol p 1 is a critical component in the diagnosis of grass pollen allergy and serves as a primary target for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) [7, 11]. Therapeutic strategies involving Lol p 1 include the administration of standardized pollen extracts or peptides to induce immunological tolerance [11, 14]. This process is characterized by a shift from a Th2 to a Th1/Treg immune response and the production of blocking IgG4 antibodies [14, 19]. Emerging treatments also explore the use of monoclonal antibodies to directly neutralize the allergen before it can trigger an allergic cascade [18]. Monitoring of specific IgE and IgG4 levels to Lol p 1 is often used to assess the efficacy of these treatments [11, 19]. Overall, Lol p 1 is a central molecule in both the pathogenesis and the therapeutic management of grass pollen-induced allergic diseases [6, 11].

Other names

Lol p IAllergen R7Rey IBeta-expansin Lol p 1

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) to induce immune tolerance; neutralization of the allergen by monoclonal antibodies to prevent IgE cross-linking.