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Long non-coding RNA negative regulator of antiviral signaling (LncATV)
- Target
- LncATV
- Molecular classification
- Long non-coding RNA, Non-coding RNA regulator, RNA-protein interaction molecule
01
Overview
LncATV is a human-specific long non-coding RNA, detected principally in the cytoplasm of human monocytes, erythroleukemia cells, and hepatoma cells. Upon stimulation by type I/III interferons or RNA virus infection, LncATV expression is upregulated. Mechanistically, LncATV binds and restricts activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), a key cytoplasmic sensor of viral RNA, thereby suppressing the interferon response pathway and facilitating viral replication. Silencing of LncATV significantly inhibits the replication of several RNA viruses, indicating its proviral function. The regulatory role and highly restricted human-specific expression pattern highlight its importance in controlling innate immune responses and potential as a therapeutic target for modulating host-virus interactions.
- Other names
- LncATVENST00000458044.1
02
Mechanism of action
RNA interference (siRNA knockdown leading to increased innate antiviral signaling and decreased viral replication)
03
Biological functions
Negative regulation of RIG-I-mediated signalingModulation of interferon (type I/III) responseRestriction/limitation of innate antiviral immune responsePromotion of replication of multiple RNA viruses
04
Disease associations
Infection (specifically promotes replication of RNA viruses, including hepatitis C virus, Zika virus, Newcastle disease virus, and Sendai virus)Immune response regulationPotential link to inflammation and cancer biology, as inferred by the role of interferon-regulated lncRNAs
05
Safety considerations
Genetic or molecular modulation of LncATV could lead to dysregulated innate immune response, including hyperactivation (leading to potential autoimmunity or exacerbated inflammation), or insufficient response (promoting pathogenesis of viral infection)Species specificity limits translation of findings to non-human models
06
Biomarkers
LncATV expression may serve as a marker for innate immune suppression in the context of viral infection
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