Longevity regulating pathway - multiple species (Longevity pathway)

The longevity regulating pathway - multiple species is an evolutionarily conserved network of signaling cascades that integrate environmental and nutrient cues to regulate the lifespan and health of an organism [1]. Major components of this network include the insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, and sirtuin-mediated deacetylation [1][2]. These pathways interact to control critical cellular processes such as autophagy, protein synthesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and oxidative stress resistance [3]. When nutrients are abundant, pathways like mTOR and IIS promote growth and reproduction, whereas nutrient scarcity or caloric restriction triggers AMPK and sirtuins to shift cellular focus toward maintenance and survival [4]. Therapeutic targeting of these nodes, for instance with mTOR inhibitors like rapamycin or AMPK activators like metformin, aims to delay aging and the onset of associated chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's, cancer, and type 2 diabetes [5].

Other names

Longevity regulating pathwayAging-associated signaling pathwaysNutrient-sensing longevity networkKEGG map04213Conserved longevity signaling

Modulation of nutrient-sensing and stress-response signaling networks, such as inhibition of the mTORC1 complex or activation of energy-sensing enzymes like AMPK and sirtuins, to promote cellular repair and delay biological senescence [1][5].