Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a (FCGR2A (also known as CD32a))

Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a is a cell surface protein encoded by the FCGR2A gene. It is primarily expressed on phagocytic cells such as macrophages and neutrophils. This receptor binds the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies with low affinity, mediating important immune functions including phagocytosis of opsonized pathogens, clearance of immune complexes, and initiation of inflammatory signaling pathways. By engaging IgG-coated targets, it promotes cellular responses against pathogens and soluble antigens. Genetic variations in FCGR2A are associated with altered susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. The protein plays roles both in normal host defense mechanisms and pathological conditions involving inflammation or aberrant immune complex handling.

Other names

Fc gamma receptor IIaCD32aFcgammaRIIaFCGR2A

Drugs or therapeutic antibodies that engage this molecule typically act by binding to its extracellular domain via their IgG Fc region, triggering immune cell activation, phagocytosis, or cytotoxic responses against target cells coated with antibody.