Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (Megalin) (LRP2)

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (LRP2), commonly known as Megalin, is a massive transmembrane glycoprotein that functions as a multiligand endocytic receptor. It is predominantly expressed on the apical surface of epithelial cells in the renal proximal tubules, where it plays a vital role in the reabsorption of filtered proteins, vitamins, and hormones from the glomerular filtrate, thereby preventing their loss in urine. Beyond its renal functions, Megalin is involved in embryonic development, particularly in the brain and eyes, and contributes to the clearance of amyloid-beta in the central nervous system. In a clinical context, Megalin is a significant mediator of drug-induced nephrotoxicity, as it facilitates the cellular uptake of toxic agents such as aminoglycoside antibiotics and cisplatin. Consequently, it is an emerging therapeutic target for preventing renal injury and serves as a promising urinary biomarker for the progression of diabetic and chronic kidney diseases.

Other names

Megalingp330Glycoprotein 330Donnai-Barrow syndrome proteinDBS

Receptor-mediated endocytosis (clathrin-mediated) facilitating the internalization and lysosomal degradation or transcytosis of ligands.