Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV)

The Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a double-stranded DNA virus in the genus Capripoxvirus of the family Poxviridae, featuring a ~151 kbp genome with inverted terminal repeats and 156 genes that support transcription, replication, assembly, and host range adaptation.[4] It causes lumpy skin disease in cattle and ruminants, manifesting as skin nodules, fever, and economic losses through reduced milk production and trade restrictions.[1][4][5] LSDV encodes virulence factors like the LV001/156 protein in its ITR regions, which promotes replication, suppresses interferon signaling via IRF3 interaction, and is present in viral particles.[2] Genomic regions such as GPCR, RPO30, P32, and EEV glycoprotein are used for detection, phylogeny, and distinguishing field strains from vaccines, with variations like 12- or 27-nucleotide insertions marking strains from Asia, Africa, and Europe.[1][3][6] Host-specific within capripoxviruses, it includes homologs of IL-10, chemokine receptors, and growth factors for immune modulation.[4] No small-molecule drugs target LSDV directly; control relies on vaccination and biosecurity amid emerging recombinants.[1][2][8]

Other names

LSD virusCapripoxvirus LSDV