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Lymphocyte antigen 6 family member H (LY6H)
- Target
- LY6H
- Molecular classification
- Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface protein, LU domain superfamily (Ly6/uPAR), Immune surface antigen, "Other" (since not classically a receptor, ion channel, or enzyme, but acts as a modulator of receptor function)
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Overview
Lymphocyte antigen 6 family member H (LY6H) is a member of the Ly6/uPAR protein superfamily, typically anchored to the cell surface by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor and characterized by a single LU domain, a three-fingered protein motif common to this family. LY6H is predicted to bind and modulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), inhibiting the activity of certain neuronal nAChR subtypes (notably alpha-3:beta-4 and alpha-7-containing nAChRs), and may regulate their trafficking and cell surface expression. It is highly expressed in several human cancers (including bladder, breast, colorectal, ovarian, lung, and more) and serves as a potential early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in oncology. High LY6H expression is generally correlated with poor prognosis in various tumor types and with altered immune infiltration patterns in the tumor microenvironment. Although not currently targeted directly by approved drugs, its cancer-associated expression and immunoregulatory functions make it a molecule of interest for future biomarker development and therapeutic strategies.
- Other names
- Lymphocyte antigen 6HLy-6HNMLY6Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus HLY6H
02
Mechanism of action
Not applicable (no direct drugs identified targeting LY6H as of the latest data)
03
Biological functions
Modulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activityImmune response regulationSignal transduction (via acetylcholine receptor pathways)Intracellular trafficking of receptor subunitsPotential modulation of immune cell infiltration in tumors
04
Disease associations
Cancer (linked to expression and prognosis in multiple cancers including bladder, brain, breast, colorectal, ovarian, lung, head and neck, pancreatic, prostate, gastric, and skin cancers)Immune evasion in cancerPrognostic biomarker for patient survival in cancer
05
Safety considerations
No direct therapeutic agents currently; thus, safety concerns are unknown.Challenges may include specificity, as LY6H is also present on non-tumor cells
06
Biomarkers
LY6H expression itself is being studied as a prognostic biomarker and early diagnostic biomarker in at least twelve tumor types
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