Lymphocyte transmembrane adapter 1 (LAX1)

Lymphocyte transmembrane adapter 1 (LAX1) is a membrane-associated adaptor protein predominantly expressed in lymphoid tissues.[1][4][10] It is phosphorylated upon T or B cell stimulation, enabling interactions with SH2-domain containing proteins such as Grb2 and the p85 subunit of PI3K.[1][2][3] Unlike LAT, LAX1 cannot substitute in the canonical TCR signaling pathway, but instead is a negative regulator: it dampens TCR- and BCR-mediated signaling, limiting downstream events such as MAPK activation, calcium flux, and Akt activation.[1][2][3][10] Disruption of LAX1 in mice leads to excessive lymphocyte activation, spontaneous germinal center formation, and evidence of autoimmunity, suggesting its key role in immune homeostasis.[1] No drugs currently target LAX1, and it is not recognized as a therapeutic target, but its modulation could in theory influence autoimmunity or lymphocyte activation.[1][3][7][10]

Other names

LAXLAT-like membrane associated proteinLinker for activation of X cellsMembrane-associated adapter protein LAXFLJ20340A530029E09E430019B13Rik