LYR motif-containing protein 4 (LYRM4)

LYR motif-containing protein 4 (LYRM4, also known as ISD11) is an essential mitochondrial accessory protein required for the assembly of iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters, which are vital cofactors for numerous enzymes in energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cellular respiration. LYRM4 forms part of the mitochondrial cysteine desulfurase complex (with NFS1 and ACP), stabilizing NFS1 and modulating its cysteine desulfurase activity to enable sulfur transfer onto the ISCU scaffold protein and subsequent Fe–S cluster formation. LYRM4 is crucial for mitochondrial function and overall cellular iron homeostasis, and its dysfunction or altered expression is implicated in mitochondrial disorders and cancer, particularly liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Increased expression of LYRM4 correlates with poor prognosis in some cancers, and it may act as a potential biomarker for tumor progression and metabolic reprogramming.

Other names

LYR motif containing 4LYRM4ISD11C6orf149CGI-203COXPD19mitochondrial matrix Nfs1 interacting proteinhomolog of yeast Isd11

Not directly drug-targeted; as an accessory protein, dysfunction or modulation could affect therapies targeting mitochondrial function, iron-sulfur metabolism, or redox biology.