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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Lysine acetyltransferase 5 (KAT5)
- Target
- KAT5
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Histone acetyltransferase (HAT), MYST family, Chromatin remodeling factor
01
Overview
Lysine acetyltransferase 5 (KAT5), commonly known as TIP60, is a member of the MYST family of histone acetyltransferases that modifies chromatin structure by acetylating histone and non-histone proteins. KAT5 is crucial for regulating gene expression, DNA repair, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and development. It performs its functions by catalyzing acetylation of specific lysine residues, thereby influencing the interactions between DNA and proteins involved in transcription and repair. KAT5 can interact with viral proteins, such as HIV-1 Tat, and is involved in regulating critical tumor suppressor pathways including p53. Altered KAT5 activity is implicated in various cancers, HIV infection, neurodegenerative disorders, and developmental abnormalities. Although no approved drugs directly target KAT5, it remains a key subject in epigenetic therapeutic research.
- Other names
- Histone acetyltransferase KAT5TIP60HTATIPHIV-1 Tat interactive proteinTIP55ESA1ZC2HC5PLIPcPLA2 interacting proteinTat-interacting protein 60 kDahistone acetyltransferase HTATIPprotein 2-hydroxyisobutyryltransferase KAT5protein acetyltransferase KAT5protein crotonyltransferase KAT5protein lactyltransferase KAT5
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of acetyltransferase activity; Modulation of chromatin remodeling; Regulation of DNA repair pathways; Induction of apoptosis via p53 acetylation
03
Biological functions
Chromatin remodelingTranscriptional regulationDNA repairApoptosisSignal transductionRegulation of cell cycleEmbryonic developmentAcetylation of histone and non-histone proteins
04
Disease associations
Cancer (colon, lung, breast, pancreatic, gastric, melanoma)HIV infection/HIV replicationNeurodegenerative disease & agingDevelopmental disorders (e.g. lissencephaly)
05
Safety considerations
Targeting KAT5 may disrupt normal DNA repair and cell cycle, potentially causing off-target effects such as increased apoptosis, impaired development, or unwanted cell death in healthy tissuePotential for increased genomic instability
06
Interacting drugs
No FDA-approved drugs directly targeting KAT5 are currently available; however, compounds such as histone acetyltransferase inhibitors are under preclinical investigation. Some epigenetic modulators may indirectly affect its function.
07
Biomarkers
KAT5 expression levels in tumor biopsies (low or loss can be prognostic in cancer)Acetylation status of histone and non-histone proteins (e.g. p53)
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