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Lysophospholipase

Molecular classification: Enzyme, Hydrolase, Carboxylic Ester Hydrolase, Serine Hydrolase

Overview

Lysophospholipase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a single fatty acid ester bond in lysoglycerophosphatidates (lysophospholipids), resulting in the formation of glyceryl phosphatidates and a free fatty acid. It plays a central role in lipid metabolism by regulating cellular levels of lysophospholipids, which are bioactive lipids involved in cell signaling and membrane structure regulation. Isoforms like LYPLA1 also act as acyl-protein thioesterases, regulating protein palmitoylation and autophagy. Dysregulation or mutation can impact neurological function or alter cellular homeostasis due to imbalanced lipid signaling/metabolism.

Other names: Lecithinase BLysolecithinasePhospholipase BLysophosphatidaseLecitholipasePhosphatidase BLysophosphatidylcholine hydrolaseLysophospholipase A1 (LYPLA1)Neuropathy target esterase (NTE)NTE-LysoPLANTE-lysophospholipase

Mechanism of action

Inhibition of lysophospholipid hydrolysis

Biological functions

Lipid metabolismGlycerophospholipid metabolismRegulation of lysophospholipid levelsCell signalingMembrane structure regulationAutophagy regulationProtein depalmitoylation

Disease associations

Neurological disordersCancerInflammation

Safety considerations

Dysregulation can lead to imbalanced lipid signalingMutations can impact neurological function

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