Lysophospholipase-like protein 1 (LYPLAL1)

Lysophospholipase-like protein 1 (LYPLAL1) is a human enzyme belonging to the α/β hydrolase fold family, structurally related to acyl-protein thioesterases but biochemically distinct due to its inability to hydrolyze long-chain lipid substrates or function as a traditional phospholipase or triglyceride lipase[1][2][4][5][6][7]. LYPLAL1 acts as a palmitoyl thioesterase, catalyzing the depalmitoylation of proteins such as CGAS and KCNMA1, thereby modulating protein localization and function in processes like the regulation of innate immune signaling through the cGAS/STING pathway[4][6]. Genetic studies link LYPLAL1 variants to fat distribution and metabolic traits including obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but knockout models in mice suggest the gene is not essential for normal fat deposition, indicating potential redundancy or a context-specific role[5][7]. The molecular and physiological functions of LYPLAL1 remain incompletely characterized, and its disease significance is primarily based on genetic association rather than direct pharmacological or physiological evidence.

Other names

Lysophospholipase like 1Lyplal1Lysophospholipase-like protein 1 (as used in UniProt, GeneCards, and literature)

For inhibitors: Presumed inhibition of palmitoyl thioesterase activity, affecting protein depalmitoylation (in vitro evidence for experimental tool compounds) Reduction in CGAS depalmitoylation, impacting STING pathway activation (as a theoretical mechanism for immune regulation)