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Müller cell

Molecular classification: Glial cell

Overview

Müller cell is a specialized retinal support cell, also known as Müller glia or retinal Müller glial cell. It is not a single receptor or enzyme, but a broad term referring to a cell type. Despite being a cell type, it is considered a therapeutic target due to its central role in retinal homeostasis, neuroprotection, and regeneration. Modulation of Müller cells is under investigation for various retinal diseases.

Other names: Retinal Müller glial cellMüller gliaRadial glial cell of the retina

Biological functions

Homeostatic regulation of extracellular space volume and ion/water balanceMetabolic support for photoreceptors and neuronsNeuroprotection via glutamate uptake and antioxidant defenseStructural stabilization of the retinaLight guidance through inner retinal tissue ("living optical fibers")Modulation of synaptic activity by neurotransmitter recycling and release of neuroactive substancesImmune response modulation and inflammation regulationMechanosensation and mechanotransduction in response to mechanical cues from extracellular matrix (ECM)

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