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Macroaggregated albumin particle (MAA)
- Target
- MAA
- Molecular classification
- Other (synthetic protein aggregate, not receptor/enzyme/transporter)
01
Overview
Macroaggregated albumin particles are heat-denatured aggregates of human serum albumin, typically ranging from 10 to 90 micrometres in size (with >90% in this range), prepared under sterile conditions to serve as a vehicle for technetium-99m radiolabeling.[2][4][6] After intravenous injection, they temporarily lodge in pulmonary capillaries, enabling imaging of regional perfusion in the lungs (ventilation-perfusion scanning) and quantification of pulmonary blood flow.[1][3][4] They are also used in select cases for shunt detection and preoperative assessment of lung function, and less commonly for visualization of intravascular or peritoneovenous shunts.[1][3][4][6] MAA is a diagnostic agent, not a molecular therapeutic target.
- Other names
- Technetium-99m macroaggregated albuminTc-99m MAATechnetium (99mTc) albumin aggregated99mTc-MAAPulmotech MAA
02
Mechanism of action
not a drug target; acts as an inert tracer—when radiolabeled with technetium-99m it becomes a perfusion imaging agent
03
Biological functions
Other (serves as an intravascular radiopharmaceutical tracer for imaging; no endogenous function)
04
Disease associations
Other (diagnostic use in pulmonary embolism, hepatopulmonary syndrome, and assessment of perfusion abnormalities)
05
Safety considerations
Minimal risk of vascular microocclusion when used as directed; contraindicated in patients with right-to-left cardiac shunts or severe pulmonary hypertension due to possible systemic embolism of particles[2][4]. Particles larger than 150 μm are strictly excluded to minimize embolic risk[2][4][6].
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