Magnesium-dependent enzymes

Magnesium-dependent enzymes refers to a very broad and heterogeneous group of enzymes for which magnesium ion (Mg²⁺) serves as a required cofactor for catalytic activity, structural stabilization, or substrate binding[1][2][4][7]. Over 300–600 enzymes in the human body are considered magnesium-dependent; these include kinases (e.g., hexokinase, protein kinase), ATPases, cyclases, DNA/RNA polymerases and ligases, and many others involved in metabolism, nucleic acid synthesis, energy production, and signaling pathways[1][2][5][7]. The term is not a canonical name—it refers collectively to a functional property of many different enzymes, not a singular, specific protein or receptor. Therefore, "magnesium-dependent enzymes" is not a valid molecular target itself for therapeutic modulation, but rather describes a chemical requirement shared by numerous molecular targets.

Modulation of enzyme activity as a cofactor; Stabilization of ATP and nucleic acids; Regulation of ion channel and pump function through enzyme cofactors