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Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄)
- Target
- MgSO₄
- Molecular classification
- Other (Inorganic salt; not a receptor, enzyme, ion channel, transporter, etc.)
01
Overview
Magnesium sulfate is a white, crystalline, inorganic salt found in nature as minerals (e.g., kieserite, epsomite) and is highly water-soluble. Its heptahydrate form (Epsom salt) is widely used in medicine for intravenous treatment of eclampsia, as a laxative, and as a mineral supplement to correct magnesium deficiency. In chemical and food industries, it serves as a coagulant, nutrient, desiccant, and flavor enhancer. Magnesium sulfate is not considered a molecular drug target (such as a receptor or enzyme); instead, it acts as a pharmacologic agent by delivering magnesium ions, which function as cofactors for numerous enzymes and are critical for neuromuscular and cardiovascular stability.
- Other names
- Magnesium sulphateEpsom saltSulfuric acid magnesium saltMagnesium(II) sulfateKieserite (for monohydrate)Epsomite (for heptahydrate)Bath salt
02
Safety considerations
May cause adverse effects such as hypermagnesemia (especially with renal impairment), hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression, and muscle weakness at excessive dosesIV use requires careful monitoring in clinical settings
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