Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 2a (MFSD2A)

Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 2a (MFSD2A) is a membrane transporter predominantly expressed in the endothelium of the blood-brain barrier and characterized by twelve transmembrane helices forming a large amphipathic cavity[1][4]. MFSD2A is essential for the selective uptake of lysophosphatidylcholines, especially those containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), into the brain. It operates as a sodium-dependent symporter and plays a crucial role in brain development, blood-brain barrier maintenance, and the delivery of polyunsaturated fatty acids critical for neurological function[1][2][4][8]. Complete absence of MFSD2A in humans causes a lethal microcephaly syndrome. Recent findings underscore its involvement in regulating cell cycle, energy metabolism, and acting as a transport route for certain xenobiotics, such as tunicamycin[3][4][5]. Due to its central role in lipid transport and BBB integrity, MFSD2A has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for modulating CNS drug delivery and treating various neurological disorders.

Other names

Sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine symporter 1MFSD2AMajor facilitator superfamily domain containing protein 2a

Secondary active transport (Na⁺-dependent symport of lysophosphatidylcholine species); Uptake of essential omega-3 fatty acids across the BBB; Facilitates drug or substrate entry into cells (notably tunicamycin)