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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I G (HLA-G)
- Target
- HLA-G
- Molecular classification
- MHC Class I molecule, Receptor
01
Overview
HLA-G is a nonclassical MHC class I molecule with restricted tissue expression and low polymorphism, primarily involved in inducing immune tolerance and suppressing inflammatory responses. It plays a critical role in maternal-fetal tolerance and is implicated in various diseases, including autoimmune disorders and cancer, due to its immunomodulatory functions.
- Other names
- HLA-G1HLA-G2HLA-G3HLA-G4HLA-G5HLA-G6HLA-G7
02
Mechanism of action
Binding to inhibitory receptors (ILT2, ILT4, KIR2DL4) leading to recruitment of SHP phosphatases and inhibition of activating signaling pathways in immune cells; induction of apoptosis in antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes.
03
Biological functions
Immune regulationImmune tolerance inductionSuppression of inflammatory responsesInhibition of T cell proliferationSuppression of NK cell cytotoxicitySuppression of CD8+ T cell cytotoxicityInhibition of dendritic cell maturationModulation of cytokine production
04
Disease associations
Autoimmune diseasesCancerMaternal-fetal toleranceAsthmaAllergic rhinitisSevere pre-eclampsiaTransplantation complications
05
Safety considerations
Over-immunosuppression leading to increased risk of infectionPotential for promoting tumor immune evasion
06
Biomarkers
HLA-G expression levels in cancerSoluble HLA-G levels in autoimmune diseasesHLA-G expression at the fetal-maternal interface
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