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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecule HLA-G (HLA-G)
- Target
- HLA-G
- Molecular classification
- MHC Class I Molecule, Immunoglobulin-like receptor
01
Overview
HLA-G is a nonclassical MHC-I molecule with restricted tissue expression and low polymorphism, primarily serving immunomodulatory functions. It interacts with inhibitory receptors on immune cells, suppressing their activity and promoting tolerance. It plays critical roles in maternal-fetal tolerance, tumor immune evasion, and the regulation of autoimmunity.
- Other names
- Human Leukocyte Antigen GHLA-G1HLA-G5
02
Mechanism of action
HLA-G interacts with inhibitory receptors (ILT2, ILT4, KIR2DL4) to recruit phosphatases SHP-1/SHP-2, inhibiting activating signaling pathways in immune effector cells, thereby reducing proliferation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine release.
03
Biological functions
ImmunosuppressionImmune regulationMaternal-fetal toleranceModulation of immune cell activityRegulation of inflammation
04
Disease associations
CancerAutoimmune diseasesInfectious diseaseTransplantation
05
Safety considerations
Upregulation in cancer can lead to immune evasion.Dysregulation in autoimmune diseases may contribute to disease pathology.
06
Biomarkers
HLA-G expression levels in cancerHLA-G levels in autoimmune diseasesHLA-G levels in transplantation recipients
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