Mammalian orthoreovirus 3 Dearing (T3D)

Reovirus Type 3 Dearing (T3D) is a naturally occurring, non-enveloped, double-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Reoviridae family (Source: Wikipedia). It is primarily utilized in oncology as an oncolytic virus, with the pharmaceutical formulation known as Pelareorep or Reolysin (Source: Oncolytics Biotech). The virus exhibits a natural preference for replicating in cancer cells that possess an activated Ras signaling pathway (Source: PubMed PMC3891334). In these cells, the virus can successfully replicate because the Ras pathway inhibits the host cell's antiviral protein kinase R (PKR) response, which would otherwise stop viral protein synthesis (Source: NIH). Upon replication, the virus causes direct lysis of the tumor cell, releasing new viral progeny and tumor-associated antigens into the microenvironment (Source: PubMed PMC4913311). This process triggers a robust innate and adaptive immune response, effectively converting immunologically cold tumors into hot tumors (Source: PubMed PMC6066288). Clinical investigations have explored T3D in various solid tumors, including breast, pancreatic, and lung cancers, often in combination with standard chemotherapies or checkpoint inhibitors (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov). While generally considered non-pathogenic in humans, its therapeutic use is associated with manageable side effects such as transient flu-like symptoms (Source: PubMed PMC3891334).

Other names

Reovirus Type 3 DearingT3 DearingPelareorepReolysinMammalian orthoreovirus 3

Selective viral replication in Ras-activated cells leading to direct oncolysis and induction of systemic anti-tumor immunity (Source: PubMed PMC3891334).