Mammalian ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Mammalian ribosomal RNA (rRNA) comprises the major structural and catalytic components of cytoplasmic ribosomes and is essential for protein synthesis. In mammals, the mature cytosolic ribosome contains four rRNA molecules: 18S rRNA (small 40S subunit) and 5.8S, 28S, and 5S rRNA (large 60S subunit). These rRNAs are transcribed from ribosomal DNA repeats and undergo extensive processing and modification before assembly with ribosomal proteins in the nucleolus. rRNAs form the core of each ribosomal subunit, contribute to the structural integrity, and are directly responsible for catalyzing peptide bond formation and ensuring translational fidelity. Proper rRNA function and processing are vital for cell growth, proliferation, and viability. Disturbances in rRNA synthesis or processing can cause severe diseases such as cancer, specific ribosomopathies, and developmental syndromes[1][2][3][4][5]. Notes: - is_target is marked "false" because ribosomal RNA is a fundamental structural and catalytic RNA rather than a conventional therapeutic target such as a receptor, enzyme, or transporter. However, rRNA synthesis and processing are targeted in cancer therapy, so if the context is drug-discovery screening, it may be conditionally considered a target. - is_incorrect is "true" due to lack of specificity; "Mammalian ribosomal RNA" encompasses multiple distinct rRNAs (18S, 28S, 5.8S, 5S); it is not a singular, canonical target name. More precise targets would be individual rRNA species (e.g., 28S ribosomal RNA).

Other names

ribosomal RNArRNAcytosolic ribosomal RNAnuclear ribosomal RNA

Inhibition of rRNA synthesis (by drugs such as Actinomycin D and CX-5461); Disruption of ribosome assembly; Induction of nucleolar stress