Melanin Biosynthesis Pathway (Fungal)

The melanin biosynthesis pathway in fungi encompasses the metabolic routes by which fungal organisms produce melanin, a complex pigment contributing to cell wall integrity, protection from environmental stressors, and virulence. Two main pathways exist: the DHN-melanin pathway (allomelanin), utilizing acetyl-CoA or malonyl-CoA and key enzymes like polyketide synthase (PKS), and the DOPA-melanin pathway, employing L-DOPA and phenol oxidases (laccases, tyrosinases). Melanization occurs in melanosomes, with melanin deposited onto the cell wall, often anchored by chitin. This pathway plays crucial roles in fungal survival, pathogenicity, and potential production of mycotoxins.

Other names

Fungal Melanin PathwayDHN-Melanin PathwayAllomelanin PathwayDOPA-Melanin Pathway