Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Receptor (ACTHR)

The adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor (ACTHR), also known as melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), is a G protein-coupled receptor primarily expressed in the adrenal cortex. It is highly specific for its endogenous ligand, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and plays a central role in regulating adrenal steroidogenesis. Mutations or dysfunctions associated with MC2R can lead to familial glucocorticoid deficiency type 1. Long-term overstimulation can contribute to Cushing's syndrome-like symptoms if used therapeutically.

Other names

ACTH ReceptorMelanocortin 2 ReceptorMC2R

ACTH binding activates Gs protein, leading to increased cAMP, PKA activation, and ultimately, increased steroidogenic enzyme expression and glucocorticoid synthesis.