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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Melanocortin Type 2 Receptor (MC2R)
- Target
- MC2R
- Molecular classification
- GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor, Melanocortin Receptors, Seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors
01
Overview
MC2R is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a critical role in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, specifically mediating the effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). It is essential for regulating and maintaining adrenocortical function, particularly steroidogenesis—the production of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex. Unlike other melanocortin receptors, MC2R is unique because it binds exclusively to ACTH as its endogenous ligand. MRAP is essential for proper trafficking of MC2R from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane. Mutations in *MC2R* cause familial glucocorticoid deficiency type 1.
- Other names
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone receptorACTH receptorACTHR
02
Mechanism of action
Mediates steroidogenesis via cAMP/PKA pathway after binding with ACTH
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionRegulation of adrenocortical functionSteroidogenesisGlucocorticoid synthesis
04
Disease associations
Familial Glucocorticoid Deficiency type 1Familial Glucocorticoid Deficiency type 2
05
Safety considerations
Familial Glucocorticoid DeficiencyInsensitivity to ACTHHypoglycemiaHyperpigmentationLifelong management required for endocrine disorders
06
Interacting drugs
ACTH
6 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
ACTH levelsCortisol levels
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