Melanocyte

Melanocytes are highly specialized, pigment-producing cells primarily responsible for synthesizing melanin, the pigment that gives color to skin, hair, and eyes. These cells originate from neural crest cells during embryonic development and are found mainly in the basal layer of the epidermis but also occur in other tissues. Their primary function is melanin production within organelles called melanosomes. Melanin protects underlying tissues by absorbing ultraviolet (UV) radiation and neutralizing reactive oxygen species generated by UV exposure. Melanocytes play additional roles in immune regulation within their local tissue environments.

Other names

melanocytus