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Membranal Adenylyl Cyclase (None)
- Target
- None
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Transmembrane Protein, Adenylyl Cyclase, Class III Adenylyl Cyclase
01
Overview
Membranal adenylyl cyclases are a family of enzymes embedded in the plasma membrane that catalyze the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), a crucial second messenger. They are regulated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and other factors like calcium and calmodulin. There are nine known mammalian isoforms (AC1-AC9), each with distinct tissue distribution and regulatory properties. They play diverse roles in hormone signaling, memory formation, cardiac function, and sensory perception, and their dysregulation can contribute to various diseases.
- Other names
- Membrane-bound adenylyl cyclaseTransmembrane adenylyl cyclaseAC1AC2AC3AC4AC5AC6AC7AC8AC9
02
Mechanism of action
Catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP; Directly activated by forskolin (for some isoforms); Regulated by G proteins upon GPCR activation.
03
Biological functions
Signal transductioncAMP productionRegulation of protein kinase A (PKA) activityRegulation of exchange proteins activated by cAMP (EPAC) activityRegulation of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channelsHormone signalingNeurotransmitter signaling
04
Disease associations
Heart diseaseEndocrine syndromesMemory deficitsVarious diseases affecting hormone action
05
Safety considerations
Dysregulation can lead to various diseases.
06
Interacting drugs
Forskolin
1 more in the full profile.
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