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Complement Component C5b-9 Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Target
- MAC
- Molecular classification
- Multiprotein complex, Pore-forming protein, Complement component
01
Overview
The membrane attack complex (MAC) is a multiprotein complex formed by the sequential assembly of complement components C5b, C6, C7, C8, and multiple copies of C9. It forms transmembrane pores on target cell membranes, leading to osmotic lysis and cell death. While essential for defense against pathogens, dysregulated MAC activity can contribute to tissue injury in various diseases. It can also trigger pro-inflammatory signaling without cell lysis.
- Other names
- Membrane attack complexTerminal complement complexTCCC5b-9 complex
02
Mechanism of action
Therapeutic strategies targeting various stages/components/regulators are under investigation for treating these conditions by modulating MAC activity/signaling rather than complete inhibition.
03
Biological functions
Innate immunityCell lysisPore formationInflammationComplement activation
04
Disease associations
Autoimmune diseasesInflammatory conditionsTransplant rejectionKidney diseases (e.g., atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome)Neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease)Infection
05
Safety considerations
Dysregulated or excessive formation/activity contributes to tissue injuryPotential for off-target effects when modulating complement activity
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