Mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated immunomodulation of T cells (null)

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-mediated immunomodulation describes the process by which MSCs suppress T-cell proliferation and promote regulatory T cell (Treg) induction and activity, primarily through the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as TGF-β and IL-10), production of metabolites (e.g., prostaglandin E2, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase), and direct cell–cell contact mechanisms (e.g., via CD80/Notch/Jagged1 interactions)[2][1][4][6]. This immunoregulatory capacity is a major contributor to the therapeutic potential of MSCs in treating inflammatory, autoimmune, and transplant-related diseases, though it does not map to a discrete molecular target but rather a multifactorial cellular function[2][5][1].

Other names

MSC-mediated immune modulationMesenchymal stem cell immunosuppressionMSC-induced Treg promotionMesenchymal stromal/stem cell therapy (in context of immune modulation)

Paracrine secretion of immunosuppressive factors (e.g., TGF-β, PGE2, IL-10). Direct cell-to-cell contact with T cells, involving costimulatory molecules (e.g., CD80/CD86)[4]. Induction and expansion of regulatory T cells via Notch signaling pathways and secreted extracellular vesicles[2][6]. Enzymatic degradation of pro-inflammatory mediators and tryptophan catabolism by IDO[1].