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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5)
- Target
- mGluR5
- Molecular classification
- G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), Receptor
01
Overview
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a critical role in the central nervous system, particularly in modulating excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Upon activation by glutamate, it couples to Gq proteins, leading to activation of phospholipase C and subsequent intracellular signaling cascades such as increased IP3 and calcium release. Altered mGluR5 function or expression has been implicated in various neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, making it a potential therapeutic target.
- Other names
- GRM5
02
Mechanism of action
Allosteric modulation (positive and negative) of receptor activity
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionModulation of neuronal excitabilityModulation of synaptic plasticityRegulation of gene expression
04
Disease associations
Mood disorders (e.g., anxiety)Addiction (notably alcohol use disorder)Neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s disease)
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to widespread expression in the CNSComplex signaling pathways may lead to unpredictable effectsLong-term effects of chronic modulation are not fully understood
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