Metal cofactor-dependent enzymes and mitochondrial respiratory chain components

Metal cofactor-dependent enzymes and mitochondrial respiratory chain components represent a broad class of therapeutic and toxicological targets involved in cellular energy production and redox homeostasis. This group includes metalloenzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and superoxide dismutases (SODs), as well as the protein complexes (I-V) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. These components are essential for oxidative phosphorylation and the regulation of reactive oxygen species. Drugs like tetracyclines target these systems by chelating metal ions required for enzyme activity and inhibiting mitochondrial ribosomes, while agents like metformin and cyanide directly interfere with respiratory chain complexes. In cancer therapy, targeting these components aims to exploit the metabolic vulnerabilities of malignant cells, although such interventions often carry risks of systemic mitochondrial toxicity and metabolic acidosis.

Other names

Metalloenzymes and mitochondrial respiratory chainMetal-dependent enzymes and OXPHOS componentsMitochondrial respiratory chain and metal-dependent enzymes

Inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis, chelation of essential metal cofactors (e.g., Zn, Cu, Fe), and direct inhibition of respiratory chain complexes (I-IV).